Dwarfs will rule the world!

Well, no, dwarfs may not rule the world. There is a good chance a certain group will outlive their contemporaries though. This recent study out of the University of Southern California studied a group of dwarfs who have Laron syndrome in Ecuador and worldwide. Laron syndrome is genetic and effects how growth is regulated in the body.

The individuals have Laron syndrome, a rare disease that causes stunted growth in about 250 people worldwide. Scientists have known the syndrome results from a mutation in a gene that regulates how cells grow and divide.

The dwarfism cause is also a barrier to cancer and diabetes. The disease limiting culprit in Laron's cases appears to be an insulin producing protein that binds with human growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor 1 or IGF1.

High levels of IGF1 have been implicated in cancer and diabetes in previous studies, and low levels have been found to cause increased longevity in everything from yeast and worms to mice.

"In worms, we don't see diabetes or cancer or anything — once we establish this potential [to extend life] in worms, we moved to mice," said Felipe Sierra, director of the Division of Aging Biology at the National Institute on Aging. "We do see similar things in this study [of humans], and it validates everything we do."

Sure enough, in the short-statured Ecuadorean group, the study revealed that deficient growth hormone receptor led to low levels of IGF1, and this was associated with the disease-resistance.

The final intention is development of a drug that will mimic reduced IGF1 in healthy individuals reducing cancer and diabetes.

Interesting concept, but I would guess other negative side effects would appear besides the positive reduction in cancer rates and diabetes. Wikipedia states one of the disease's symptoms in men puts fear in almost any healthy male,

.....a very small penis.

Flu's days are numbered

This report by the media group UPI has news on a new, universal flu vaccine being developed in England. Unlike the typical flu vaccine we are inoculated with these days which protects against certain strains of flue, this would protect against all strains. The article states,

Current flu vaccines only work against a few kinds of flu and only for a short time, as seasonal flu evolves and changes to get around immunity provided by that year's vaccine, requiring constant research and re-vaccination, NewScientist.com reported Monday.

Several research groups, including one at Oxford University, are attempting to develop a flu vaccine out of proteins that are identical in all flu viruses in the hope this will protect people from all flu once and for all.

If science has enough time and resources dedicated to certain solvable problems, inevitably, many will have solutions appear. The key is dedication. We have this idea that by putting a bunch of smart people in a group and throwing a little money at them they will solve all of the world's problems. It does not work that way. The best example I can think of as a modern marvel is modern computing. We have more computational power on our desktop now than could be housed in 10 city blocks. What people often fail to acknowledge is the 40 years of innovation and billions of dollars invested.

We need to fund research and development in the US if we are to compete with rest of the world.

Never Change Nelly

This is the second caricature in my blog series. My first caricature was the True Believer. This character could well overlap with True Believers, Never Change Nelly. Never Change Nelly wants everything to remain as they are currently. The ultimate conservative (not in the American political sense) who wants everything to remain constant day-to-day and so on. They refuse to take any chances no matter how detrimental their current position may be. Any discontinuity to their never changing world is taken as a threat without regards to the effects in their lives.

What may drive this worldview? My guess is a variety of things.
1. As people age they get set in their ways and want to change less
2. Personality, some people do not like surprises or challenges
3. One pathology of this thinking creates the mindset of I know everything. (Hint: no one knows everything or even possesses the majority of knowledge humans have. This really is another version of narcissism.)
4. They have worked hard to set their lives up in a certain manner which they like.
5. Life has been easy for them

Whatever the driving factor behind Never Change Nelly, a problem quickly arises. Our world is a quickly changing, highly dynamic place. Change will come. Change is inevitable. You cannot stop it. What was true yesterday may not be true tomorrow. Stubborn refusal to adapt creates dinosaurs. Being an expert with the typewriter 3 decades ago would have given someone employment. Today, it would equal unemployment. Adaptation is vital for survival. To paraphrase Andy Grove, the cofounder of Intel, in reference to the budding computer industry, "Only the paranoid survive".

I truly believe successful individuals adapt to changes. Never Change Nelly will never find a place among the successful.